According to Bujinkan members, the eighteen disciplines (juhakkei < juhachi-kei) were first stated in the scrolls of Togakure-ryu
and they became definitive for all ninjutsu schools, providing a complete training of the warrior in various fighting arts and complementary disciplines.Ninja juhakkei was often studied along with Bugei Jūhappan (the "18 samurai fighting art skills"). Though some of them are the same, the techniques of each discipline were used with different approaches by both samurai and ninja.
In recent times the espionage techniques
of ninjutsu are rarely focused on, since
they serve little purpose to the bulk of
modern populations, and tend to attract
negative publicity and students with
unrealistic expectations.
